Back to Topics Hardware Core components that form the physical foundation of a computer system. CPU The main processor that executes instructions and performs calculations. RAM Temporary memory that stores active data for fast access. Motherboard The main circuit board that connects and coordinates all hardware components. Storage (HDD / SSD) Permanent storage that keeps the operating system, software, and files. GPU The processor responsible for graphics rendering and visual performance. Power Supply (PSU) The component that provides electrical power to all hardware parts. Cache High-speed memory that stores frequently used data for the CPU. Bus The communication system that transfers data between hardware components. Clock Speed The rate at which a processor executes instructions. Cores Independent processing units within a CPU. Cooling System Hardware that prevents overheating and maintains stable performance. I/O Ports Interfaces that allow external devices to connect to the computer.