Ransomware
Ransomware is a type of malicious software that blocks access to files or systems and demands payment to restore them. Usually, it encrypts data so it cannot be opened without a special key.
How it works
After getting into a device, ransomware quickly encrypts files such as documents, photos, and databases. Once the process is complete, the user sees a message demanding money, often in cryptocurrency, in exchange for a decryption key.
What ransomware can affect
Ransomware can target:
- personal computers
- company networks
- hospitals and schools
- servers and cloud systems
In many cases, critical systems are affected, which can cause serious disruption.
How ransomware spreads
Common infection methods include:
- phishing emails with malicious attachments
- fake links or downloads
- infected websites
- unpatched software vulnerabilities
One careless click can be enough.
Should you pay the ransom?
Paying does not guarantee file recovery. Attackers may not send the key or may demand more money. For this reason, security experts generally advise against paying.
How to stay protected
To reduce the risk:
- keep regular backups of important data
- update operating systems and software
- avoid suspicious links and attachments
- use reliable security software
Preparation is the best defense.
Simple example
Ransomware is like someone locking your files in a safe and asking for money to give you the key.
Related terms
- What is Encryption?
- What is Phishing?
- What is Backup?
Source
Information simplified from the Wikipedia article “Ransomware”.