Back to Topics Cybersecurity Key cybersecurity terms explained in a simple and clear way. Cybersecurity The practice of protecting systems, networks, and data from digital threats. Malware Malicious software designed to damage systems or steal information. Virus Malware that spreads by infecting files and programs. Trojan Malware that hides inside software and tricks users into installing it. Ransomware Malware that locks data and demands payment to restore access. Phishing A scam that tricks users into revealing personal or login information. Antivirus Software that detects, blocks, and removes malicious programs. Encryption A way to protect data by converting it into unreadable code. Password A secret set of characters used to access an account or system. Two-Factor Authentication A security method that requires an extra verification step. Data Breach An incident where private or sensitive data is exposed or stolen. Hacker A person who uses technical skills to access or test systems.